Igikoresho gishobora guhindurwa cyuzuye pompe ni pompe yo hagati na nini ya diametre ikoresha pompe ikoresha icyuma gifata ibyuma kugirango ipompe ibyuma bizunguruka, bityo uhindure impande zishyirwaho kugirango ugere kumahinduka no mumutwe. Uburyo nyamukuru bwo kugeza amazi ni amazi meza cyangwa umwanda woroshye kuri 0 ~ 50 ℃ (itangazamakuru ridasanzwe ririmo amazi yo mu nyanja n’amazi y’Umuhondo). Ikoreshwa cyane cyane mu mirima y’imishinga yo kubungabunga amazi, kuhira, kuhira no kuyobya amazi, kandi ikoreshwa mu mishinga myinshi y’igihugu nk’umushinga wo Kuvomera Amajyepfo-Amajyaruguru n’Uruzi rwa Yangtze kugeza umushinga wa Diversion River Huaihe.
Icyuma cya pompe na pompe ivanze bigenda bigoreka. Iyo imikorere yimikorere ya pompe itandukanije nu gishushanyo mbonera, ikigereranyo kiri hagati yumuvuduko wizenguruko wimbere ninyuma yinyuma yicyuma kirangirika, bikavamo kuzamura byakozwe na blade (airfoils) kuri radiyo zitandukanye ntibikiri bingana, bityo bigatuma amazi atemba muri pompe ahindagurika kandi gutakaza amazi kwiyongera; kure yikibanza cyashushanyijemo, niko urwego rwinshi rwamazi atemba kandi niko gutakaza amazi. Amapompe ya axial kandi avanze afite umutwe muto kandi ugereranije ugereranije na zone ikora neza. Guhindura imitwe yabo ikora bizagabanya cyane imikorere ya pompe. Kubwibyo, axial na mixe pompe muri rusange ntishobora gukoresha gutereta, guhinduranya nubundi buryo bwo guhindura kugirango uhindure imikorere yimikorere yimikorere; icyarimwe, kuberako ikiguzi cyo kugenzura umuvuduko kiri hejuru cyane, kugenzura umuvuduko uhinduka ntibikunze gukoreshwa mubikorwa nyirizina. Kubera ko pompe ya axial kandi ivanze ifite umubiri munini wa hub, biroroshye gushiraho ibyuma hamwe nicyuma gihuza inkoni zishobora guhindura inguni. Kubwibyo, imikorere yimikorere ihinduranya pompe ya axial hamwe nuruvange rwa pompe mubisanzwe ifata impinduka zinguni zihindagurika, zishobora gutuma pompe ya axial na mix ivanze ikora mubihe byiza byakazi.
Iyo urwego rwo hejuru rwamazi rwamazi rwiyongera (nukuvuga, umutwe wumutwe wiyongera), inguni yo gushyira icyuma ihindurwa nagaciro gake. Mugihe gikomeza gukora neza cyane, umuvuduko wamazi wagabanutse kuburyo bukwiye kugirango moteri itarenza urugero; iyo itandukaniro ryamazi yo hejuru no kumanuka atandukanijwe (nukuvuga, umutwe wumutwe ugabanuka), inguni yo gushira icyuma ihindurwa nagaciro kanini kugirango yikoreze moteri yuzuye kandi yemere pompe yamazi kuvoma amazi menshi. Muri make, ikoreshwa rya pompe na pompe zivanze zishobora guhindura inguni irashobora gutuma ikora muburyo bwiza bwo gukora, kwirinda guhagarika ku gahato no kugera kubikorwa byiza no kuvoma amazi menshi.
Mubyongeyeho, mugihe igice cyatangiye, inguni yo gushyira icyuma irashobora guhindurwa kugeza byibuze, bishobora kugabanya umutwaro wo gutangira moteri (hafi 1/3 ~ 2/3 byingufu zapimwe); mbere yo kuzimya, inguni y'icyuma irashobora guhindurwa ku giciro gito, gishobora kugabanya umuvuduko w’amazi n’amazi y’amazi atemba muri pompe mugihe cyo guhagarika, kandi bikagabanya ingaruka ziterwa n’amazi ku bikoresho.
Muri make, ingaruka zo guhinduranya inguni ni ngombwa: ① Guhindura inguni ku giciro gito byoroshye gutangira no kuzimya; Guhindura inguni ku giciro kinini byongera umuvuduko; Guhindura inguni birashobora gutuma pompe ikora mubukungu. Birashobora kugaragara ko icyuma gifata ibyuma bifata umwanya munini mubikorwa no gucunga sitasiyo ziciriritse nini nini.
Umubiri wingenzi wa shaft ivanze neza pompe igizwe nibice bitatu: umutwe wa pompe, umugenzuzi, na moteri.
Umutwe
Umuvuduko wihariye wa pompe yuzuye ya axial ivanze ni 400 ~ 1600 (umuvuduko usanzwe wa pompe ya axial ni 700 ~ 1600), (umuvuduko usanzwe wa pompe ivanze ni 400 ~ 800), na rusange umutwe ni 0 ~ 30.6m. Umutwe wa pompe ugizwe ahanini nihembe ryamazi (kwagura amazi yinjira mumazi), ibice bya rotor, ibice byicyumba cyimodoka, kuyobora vane umubiri, intebe ya pompe, inkokora, ibice bya pompe, ibice bipakira, nibindi. Intangiriro yibice byingenzi:
1. Igice cya rotor nikintu cyibanze mumutwe wa pompe. Igizwe nibyuma, umubiri wa rotor, inkoni yo gukurura hepfo, gutwara, ukuboko gukonje, ikadiri ikora, guhuza inkoni nibindi bice. Nyuma yinteko rusange, ikizamini gihamye kirakorwa. Muri byo, ibikoresho byicyuma nibyiza cyane ZG0Cr13Ni4Mo (gukomera cyane no kwihanganira kwambara neza), kandi harakoreshwa imashini ya CNC. Ibikoresho by'ibice bisigaye muri rusange ni ZG.
2. Ibikoresho nibyiza cyane ni ZG, kandi ibice bimwe bikozwe muri ZG + umurongo wibyuma bidafite ingese (iki gisubizo kiragoye gukora kandi gikunda gusudira inenge, bityo rero tugomba kwirinda cyane bishoboka).
3. Kuyobora umubiri. Kubera ko pompe ishobora guhindurwa rwose ni pompe nini nini ya pompe nini, ingorane zo guta, igiciro cyo gukora nibindi bintu byitabwaho. Mubisanzwe, ibikoresho byatoranijwe ni ZG + Q235B. Imiyoboro yubuyobozi iterwa mugice kimwe, naho igikonoshwa ni Q235B icyuma. Byombi birasudwa hanyuma bigatunganywa.
4. Igikoresho cya pompe: pompe ishobora guhindurwa rwose mubisanzwe ni urufunzo rwuzuye rufite imiterere ya flange kumpande zombi. Ibikoresho nibyiza guhimbwa 45 + yambaye 30Cr13. Kwambika ku cyerekezo cyamazi cyuzuza no kuzuza ahanini ni ukongera ubukana no kunoza imyambarire.
Ⅱ. Intangiriro kubice byingenzi bigize umugenzuzi
Muri iki gihe, ibyuma byubatswe mu ngengabihe ya hydraulic igenzura cyane cyane ku isoko. Igizwe ahanini nibice bitatu: kuzunguruka umubiri, gupfuka, no kugenzura sisitemu yerekana agasanduku.
1.
Umubiri wose uzunguruka ushyirwa kumurongo wingenzi wa moteri kandi ukazunguruka mugihe kimwe. Ihindurwe hejuru ya moteri nkuru ya moteri inyuze kuri flange.
Kwishyiriraho flange ihujwe nintebe ishigikira.
Ikigereranyo cyo gupima inguni ya sensor gishyirwa hagati yinkoni ya piston nintoki ya karuvati, naho sensor ya angle yashyizwe hanze ya silinderi.
Impeta yo gutanga amashanyarazi yashyizweho kandi igashyirwa ku gipfukisho cya lisansi, kandi igice cyacyo kizunguruka (rotor) kizunguruka hamwe n'umubiri uzunguruka. Ibisohoka birangirira kuri rotor bihujwe na hydraulic power unit, sensor sensor, sensor sensor, sensor angle, and limit switch; igice cya stator cyimpapuro zitanga amashanyarazi zahujwe na screw yo guhagarara ku gipfukisho, naho isohoka rya stator ihujwe na terefone mu gipfukisho cyabashinzwe kugenzura;
Inkoni ya piston ihindurwamo inkoni y'amazi ya pompe.
Igice cya hydraulic power kiri imbere yigitoro, gitanga imbaraga kubikorwa bya silinderi.
Hano hari impeta ebyiri zo guterura zashyizwe kuri tank ya peteroli kugirango ikoreshwe mugihe umuyobozi azamuye.
2. Igipfukisho (nanone cyitwa umubiri uhamye): Igizwe n'ibice bitatu. Igice kimwe ni igifuniko cyo hanze; igice cya kabiri ni igifuniko; igice cya gatatu ni idirishya. Igifuniko cy'inyuma gishyizwe hejuru yumupfundikizo winyuma wa moteri nkuru kandi gitwikiriye umubiri uzunguruka.
3. Kugenzura sisitemu yerekana agasanduku (nkuko bigaragara ku gishushanyo cya 3): Igizwe na PLC, ecran ya ecran, relay, umuhuza, amashanyarazi ya DC, knob, urumuri rwerekana, nibindi. igitutu nibindi bipimo. Sisitemu yo kugenzura ifite imirimo ibiri: kugenzura hafi no kugenzura kure. Uburyo bubiri bwo kugenzura bwahinduwe binyuze mumyanya ibiri kuri knob igenzura sisitemu agasanduku (byitwa "kugenzura kwerekana agasanduku", kimwe hepfo).
3. Kugereranya no gutoranya moteri ya syncron na asinchronous moteri
A. Ibyiza nibibi bya moteri ihuza
Ibyiza:
1. Ikinyuranyo cyumwuka hagati ya rotor na stator nini, kandi gushiraho no guhinduka biroroshye.
2. Imikorere yoroshye nubushobozi bukomeye bwo kurenza.
3. Umuvuduko ntuhinduka numutwaro.
4. Gukora neza.
5. Impamvu zingufu zirashobora gutera imbere. Imbaraga zifatika zirashobora gutangwa mumashanyarazi, bityo bikazamura ubwiza bwumuriro. Mubyongeyeho, mugihe imbaraga zingirakamaro zahinduwe kuri 1 cyangwa hafi yazo, gusoma kuri ammeter bizagabanuka kuko ibice byitwara neza muri iki gihe bigabanuka, bikaba bidashoboka kuri moteri idahwitse.
Ibibi:
1. Rotor igomba gukoreshwa nigikoresho cyabigenewe cyabigenewe.
2. Igiciro ni kinini.
3. Kubungabunga biragoye.
B. Ibyiza nibibi bya moteri idahwitse
Ibyiza:
1. Rotor ntabwo ikeneye guhuzwa nandi masoko yimbaraga.
2. Imiterere yoroshye, uburemere bworoshye, nigiciro gito.
3. Kubungabunga byoroshye.
Ibibi:
1. Imbaraga zifatika zigomba gukurwa mumashanyarazi, yangiza ubwiza bwumuriro.
2. Ikinyuranyo cyumwuka hagati ya rotor na stator ni nto, kandi kwishyiriraho no kubihindura ntibyoroshye.
C. Guhitamo moteri
Guhitamo moteri ifite ingufu zingana na 1000kW hamwe n’umuvuduko wa 300r / min bigomba kugenwa hashingiwe ku kugereranya tekiniki n’ubukungu ukurikije ibihe byihariye.
1. Mu nganda zo kubungabunga amazi, iyo ubushobozi bwashyizweho buri munsi ya 800kW, moteri idahwitse irahitamo. Iyo ubushobozi bwashyizweho burenze 800kW, moteri ya syncron irahitamo.
2. Itandukaniro nyamukuru hagati ya moteri ya syncronous na moteri idafite imbaraga ni uko hariho umunezero uhindagurika kuri rotor, kandi ecran ya thyristor igomba gukenera gushyirwaho.
3. Ishami rishinzwe gutanga amashanyarazi mu gihugu cyanjye riteganya ko ingufu z’amashanyarazi zigomba kugera hejuru ya 0.90. Moteri ya syncronous ifite imbaraga nyinshi kandi irashobora kuzuza ibisabwa mumashanyarazi; mugihe moteri idafite imbaraga ifite imbaraga nke kandi ntishobora kuzuza ibisabwa kugirango amashanyarazi, kandi birasabwa indishyi zamashanyarazi. Kubwibyo rero, sitasiyo ya pompe ifite moteri idafite moteri muri rusange igomba kuba ifite ibyuma byerekana ingufu zidasanzwe.
4. Imiterere ya moteri ya syncronique iragoye kuruta iyimoteri idahwitse. Iyo umushinga wa pompe ukenera kuzirikana kubyara amashanyarazi no guhinduranya icyiciro, moteri ya syncronique igomba guhitamo.
Guhindura byuzuye axial ivanze pompezikoreshwa cyane mubice bihagaritse (ZLQ, HLQ, ZLQK), ibice bitambitse (byegeranye) (ZWQ, ZXQ, ZGQ), kandi birashobora no gukoreshwa mubice bito bito kandi binini bya LP.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Ukwakira-18-2024