The cikakken daidaitacce shaft gauraye kwarara famfo ne matsakaici da kuma babban diamita famfo nau'in da yin amfani da ruwa kwana daidaitawa don fitar da famfo ruwan wukake zuwa juya, game da shi canza ruwa jeri kwana don cimma kwarara da kai canje-canje. Babban hanyar isarwa shine ruwa mai tsabta ko najasa mai haske a 0 ~ 50 ℃ (kafofin watsa labaru na musamman sun haɗa da ruwan teku da ruwan kogin Yellow). Ana amfani da shi ne a fannonin ayyukan kiyaye ruwa, ban ruwa, magudanar ruwa da ayyukan karkatar da ruwa, kuma ana amfani da shi a yawancin ayyukan kasa kamar aikin karkatar da ruwa daga kudu zuwa arewa da aikin karkatar da kogin Yangtze zuwa Huaihe.
Wuraren magudanar ruwa da cakuɗen famfo mai kwarara suna karkatar da su a sarari. Lokacin da yanayin aiki na famfo ya karkata daga wurin ƙira, rabon da ke tsakanin saurin kewaye na ciki da na waje na ruwan wukake ya lalace, wanda ya haifar da ɗagawa da ruwan wukake (airfoils) ke haifar da radii daban-daban ba ya zama daidai, ta haka yana haifar da kwararar ruwa a cikin famfo don yin tashin hankali kuma asarar ruwa ya karu; mafi nisa daga wurin ƙira, mafi girman matakin tashin hankali na ruwa kuma mafi girman asarar ruwa. The axial da gauraye kwarara famfo suna da ƙananan kai da in mun gwada da kunkuntar high-inganci yankin. Canjin shugaban aikin su zai haifar da raguwa mai yawa a cikin ingancin famfo. Saboda haka, axial da gauraye kwarara famfo gabaɗaya ba za su iya amfani da throttling, juyawa da sauran hanyoyin daidaitawa don canza aikin yanayin aiki; a lokaci guda, saboda farashin ka'idojin saurin ya yi yawa, ba a cika yin amfani da ka'idojin saurin canzawa a ainihin aiki. Tun da axial da gauraye kwarara famfo suna da ya fi girma cibiya jiki, shi ne dace don shigar da ruwan wukake da ruwa haɗa sanda hanyoyin da za su iya daidaita kwana. Sabili da haka, daidaitawar yanayin aiki na axial da gaurayawan famfo mai gauraya yawanci suna ɗaukar gyare-gyaren kusurwa mai canzawa, wanda zai iya yin famfo mai axial da gauraye masu gudana suna aiki a ƙarƙashin mafi kyawun yanayin aiki.
Lokacin da bambance-bambancen matakin ruwa na sama da na ƙasa ya ƙaru (wato, kan ragamar yana ƙaruwa), ana daidaita kusurwar jeri ruwa zuwa ƙaramin ƙima. Yayin da ake ci gaba da yin aiki mai inganci, ana rage yawan kwararar ruwa yadda ya kamata don hana abin hawa daga wuce gona da iri; lokacin da bambance-bambancen matakin ruwa na sama da na ƙasa ya ragu (wato, kan ragar raga yana raguwa), ana daidaita kusurwar jeri na ruwa zuwa ƙimar da ta fi girma don ɗaukar injin ɗin cikakke kuma ya ba da damar famfo na ruwa don ƙara yawan ruwa. A takaice, yin amfani da shaft da gaurayawan famfo mai gudana wanda zai iya canza kusurwar ruwa zai iya sa ya yi aiki a cikin mafi kyawun yanayin aiki, guje wa rufewar tilastawa da samun babban inganci da yawan famfo ruwa.
Bugu da ƙari, lokacin da aka fara naúrar, za'a iya daidaita kusurwar jeri na ruwa zuwa mafi ƙanƙanta, wanda zai iya rage nauyin farawa na motar (kimanin 1/3 ~ 2/3 na ƙarfin da aka kiyasta); kafin rufewa, ana iya daidaita kusurwar ruwa zuwa ƙananan ƙima, wanda zai iya rage saurin gudu da ruwa na ruwa a cikin famfo yayin rufewa, da kuma rage tasirin tasirin ruwa akan kayan aiki.
A takaice, tasirin daidaitawar kusurwa yana da mahimmanci: ① Daidaita kusurwa zuwa ƙaramin ƙima yana sauƙaƙa farawa da rufewa; ② Daidaita kusurwa zuwa ƙimar da ta fi girma yana ƙara yawan gudu; ③ Daidaita kusurwa na iya sa na'urar famfo ta gudana ta hanyar tattalin arziki. Ana iya ganin cewa madaidaicin kusurwar ruwa yana da matsayi mai mahimmanci a cikin aiki da gudanarwa na matsakaici da manyan tashoshin famfo.
Babban jiki na cikakken daidaitacce shaft gauraye kwarara famfo ya ƙunshi sassa uku: famfo shugaban, da regulator, da kuma mota.
Ⅰ, Pump shugaban
A takamaiman gudun da cikakken daidaitacce axial gauraye kwarara famfo ne 400 ~ 1600 (da al'ada takamaiman gudun axial kwarara famfo ne 700 ~ 1600), (da al'ada takamaiman gudun gauraye kwarara famfo ne 400 ~ 800), da kuma general girman kai shine 0 ~ 30.6m. The famfo shugaban ne yafi hada da ruwa mashiga ruwa Kakakin (ruwa mashigan fadada hadin gwiwa), na'ura mai juyi sassa, impeller jam'iyya sassa, jagora vane jiki, famfo wurin zama, gwiwar hannu, famfo shaft sassa, shiryawa sassa, da dai sauransu Gabatarwa ga key aka gyara:
1. The rotor bangaren ne core bangaren a cikin famfo shugaban. Ya ƙunshi ruwan wukake, jiki mai juyi, sandar ja na ƙasa, ɗaukar nauyi, hannu, firam ɗin aiki, sandar haɗi da sauran sassa. Bayan taron gabaɗaya, ana yin gwajin ma'auni a tsaye. Daga cikin su, kayan ruwa ya fi dacewa ZG0Cr13Ni4Mo (high hardness da kyau juriya), kuma CNC machining da aka soma. Abubuwan ragowar sassan gabaɗaya galibi ZG ne.
2. The impeller chamber aka gyara an integrally bude a tsakiyar, wanda aka tightened da kusoshi da kuma matsayi da conical fil. Kayan ya fi dacewa da ZG na haɗin gwiwa, kuma an yi wasu sassa na ZG + bakin karfe mai layi (wannan bayani yana da rikitarwa don kerawa kuma yana da lahani ga lahani na walda, don haka yakamata a guji shi gwargwadon yiwuwa).
3. Jagorar jiki. Tun da cikakken daidaitacce famfo shi ne m matsakaici zuwa babban-caliber famfo, da wahalar da simintin gyaran kafa, masana'antu farashin da sauran al'amurran da ake la'akari. Gabaɗaya, abin da aka fi so shine ZG+Q235B. An jefa vane ɗin jagora a cikin yanki ɗaya, kuma flange ɗin harsashi shine farantin karfe Q235B. Ana walda su biyu sannan a sarrafa su.
4. Pump shaft: The cikakken daidaitacce famfo ne kullum wani m shaft tare da flange Tsarin a duka iyakar. An fi dacewa da ƙirƙira kayan 45 + cladding 30Cr13. Rufewa a madaidaicin jagorar ruwa da filler shine yafi don ƙara taurinsa da haɓaka juriya.
Ⅱ. Gabatarwa ga manyan abubuwan da aka tsara
A zamanin yau, ginanniyar ginin kusurwar ruwa mai sarrafa ruwa ana amfani da shi a kasuwa. Ya ƙunshi sassa uku: jujjuya jiki, murfi, da akwatin tsarin sarrafawa.
1. Jiki mai jujjuyawa: Jikin da ke jujjuyawa ya ƙunshi wurin zama na tallafi, Silinda, tankin mai, naúrar wutar lantarki, firikwensin kusurwa, zoben zamewar wutar lantarki, da sauransu.
Duk jikin da ke jujjuya ana sanya shi a kan babban mashin ɗin motar kuma yana jujjuyawa tare da shaft ɗin. An kulle shi zuwa saman babban mashigin motar ta hanyar flange mai hawa.
An haɗa flange mai hawa zuwa wurin zama mai goyan baya.
Ana shigar da ma'aunin firikwensin kusurwa tsakanin sandar piston da hannun rigar sanda, kuma ana shigar da firikwensin kusurwa a wajen silinda mai.
Ana shigar da zoben zamewar wutar lantarki kuma an daidaita shi akan murfin tankin mai, kuma juzu'in jujjuyawar sa (rotor) yana jujjuyawa tare da jujjuyawar jiki. Ƙarshen fitarwa akan rotor yana haɗi zuwa naúrar wutar lantarki, firikwensin matsa lamba, firikwensin zafin jiki, firikwensin kusurwa, da iyakance iyaka; ɓangaren stator na zoben zamewar wutar lantarki an haɗa shi da madaidaicin tasha a kan murfin, kuma an haɗa maɓallin stator zuwa tashar a cikin murfin mai sarrafawa;
An kulle sandar fistan zuwa sandar taye na famfo.
Ƙungiyar wutar lantarki na hydraulic tana cikin tankin mai, wanda ke ba da wutar lantarki don aikin silinda mai.
Akwai zoben ɗagawa guda biyu da aka sanya akan tankin mai don amfani lokacin da aka ɗaga mai sarrafa.
2. Rufe (wanda kuma ake kira kafaffen jiki): Ya ƙunshi sassa uku. Wani sashi shine murfin waje; sashi na biyu shine murfin murfin; kashi na uku shine taga abin dubawa. Ana gyara murfin waje a saman murfin waje na babban motar kuma yana rufe jiki mai juyawa.
3. Akwatin tsarin nuni na sarrafawa (kamar yadda aka nuna a cikin Hoto 3): Ya ƙunshi PLC, allon taɓawa, relay, contactor, wutar lantarki na DC, ƙugiya, hasken nuna alama, da dai sauransu. matsa lamba da sauran sigogi. Tsarin sarrafawa yana da ayyuka guda biyu: kulawar gida da kuma nesa. Hanyoyin sarrafawa guda biyu suna canzawa ta hanyar kullin matsayi biyu akan akwatin tsarin nunin sarrafawa (wanda ake kira "akwatin nuni", iri ɗaya a ƙasa).
3. Kwatanta da zaɓin injina masu aiki tare da asynchronous
A. Fa'idodi da rashin amfani da injinan aiki tare
Amfani:
1. Ramin iska tsakanin rotor da stator yana da girma, kuma shigarwa da daidaitawa sun dace.
2. M aiki da karfi obalodi iya aiki.
3. Gudun ba ya canzawa tare da kaya.
4. Babban inganci.
5. Ƙarfin wutar lantarki na iya ci gaba. Za a iya samar da wutar lantarki mai amsawa ga grid ɗin wutar lantarki, ta haka inganta ingancin grid ɗin wutar lantarki. Bugu da ƙari, lokacin da aka daidaita ma'aunin wutar lantarki zuwa 1 ko kusa da shi, karatun a kan ammeter zai ragu saboda an rage yawan abin da ke aiki a halin yanzu, wanda ba zai yiwu ba ga motocin asynchronous.
Rashin hasara:
1. Rotor yana buƙatar yin amfani da na'urar motsa jiki da aka keɓe.
2. Kudin yana da yawa.
3. Kulawa ya fi rikitarwa.
B. Fa'idodi da rashin amfani da injinan asynchronous
Amfani:
1. Rotor baya buƙatar haɗawa da wasu hanyoyin wutar lantarki.
2. Tsarin sauƙi, nauyi mai sauƙi, da ƙananan farashi.
3. Mai sauƙin kulawa.
Rashin hasara:
1. Dole ne a fitar da wutar lantarki daga wutar lantarki, wanda ke lalata ingancin grid ɗin wutar lantarki.
2. Ramin iska tsakanin rotor da stator yana da ƙananan, kuma shigarwa da daidaitawa ba su da kyau.
C. Zabin motoci
Zaɓin na'urori masu ƙarfin lantarki na 1000kW da saurin 300r / min ya kamata a ƙayyade bisa ga kwatancen fasaha da tattalin arziki bisa ga takamaiman yanayi.
1. A cikin masana'antar ajiyar ruwa, lokacin da ƙarfin da aka shigar ya kasance ƙasa da 800kW, an fi son motocin asynchronous. Lokacin da ƙarfin da aka shigar ya fi 800kW, an fi son injunan aiki tare.
2. Babban bambanci tsakanin injunan aiki tare da injinan asynchronous shine cewa akwai motsin motsa jiki akan na'ura mai juyi, kuma ana buƙatar saita allon tashin hankali na thyristor.
3. Sashen samar da wutar lantarki na kasata ya kayyade cewa karfin wutar lantarki a wutar lantarkin mai amfani dole ne ya kai sama da 0.90. Motoci masu aiki tare suna da babban ƙarfin wutar lantarki kuma suna iya saduwa da buƙatun samar da wutar lantarki; yayin da injinan asynchronous suna da ƙarancin wutar lantarki kuma ba za su iya biyan buƙatun samar da wutar lantarki ba, kuma ana buƙatar biyan diyya na wutar lantarki. Don haka, tashoshin famfo sanye take da injuna asynchronous gabaɗaya suna buƙatar sanye take da allon ramuwa mai ƙarfi.
4. Tsarin injuna masu daidaitawa ya fi rikitarwa fiye da na injinan asynchronous. Lokacin da aikin tashar famfo yana buƙatar yin la'akari da samar da wutar lantarki da daidaitawar lokaci, dole ne a zaɓi injinan aiki tare.
Cikakken daidaitacce axial gauraye kwarara famfoana amfani da su sosai a cikin raka'a a tsaye (ZLQ, HLQ, ZLQK), a kwance (masu ƙima) raka'a (ZWQ, ZXQ, ZGQ), kuma ana iya amfani da su a cikin ƙananan ɗagawa da manyan diamita na LP.
Lokacin aikawa: Oktoba-18-2024