Gabatarwa ga sharuɗɗan famfo gama gari (1) - ƙimar kwarara + misalai

1.Fullow– Yana nufin girma ko nauyin ruwan da aka kawofamfo ruwaA kowane lokaci naúrar. An bayyana ta Q, ma'aunin da aka saba amfani da shi shine m3 / h, m3 / s ko L / s, t / h.

2. Shugaban-Yana nufin ƙara ƙarfin jigilar ruwa tare da naúrar nauyi daga mashigar zuwa mashigar famfon, wato makamashin da ake samu bayan ruwa mai nauyi naúrar ya ratsa ta famfon ruwa. An bayyana ta h, naúrar ita ce Nm/N, wadda aka saba bayyana ta wurin tsayin ginshiƙin ruwa inda ake zuƙowa ruwa; Injiniya wani lokaci ana bayyana shi ta matsin yanayi, kuma sashin doka shine kPa ko MPa.

 ( Bayanan kula: Naúrar: m/p = ku gh)

Bisa ga ma'anar:

H=E_d-E_s

E_d-Makamashi kowane raka'a nauyi na ruwa a kanti flange nafamfo ruwa;

Es-Makamashi kowace raka'a nauyin ruwa a flange mai shiga na famfo na ruwa.

E_d=Z _d + P _d/ ρg + V²_d /2g

E_s=Z _s+ P_s / ρg+V²_s /2g

Yawancin lokaci, kai a kan farantin sunan famfo ya kamata ya haɗa da sassa biyu masu zuwa. Ɗayan bangare shine tsayin da ake aunawa, wato tsayin tsayin tsaye daga saman ruwa na tafkin mashigai zuwa saman ruwa na tafkin fanti. Wanda aka sani da ainihin kai, wani ɓangare nasa shine asarar juriya a hanya lokacin da ruwa ya ratsa ta cikin bututun, don haka lokacin zabar kan famfo, yakamata ya zama jimlar ainihin kai da asarar kai, wato:

Misalin lissafin kan famfo

Idan kana son samar da ruwa ga wani babban gini mai tsayi, a ɗauka cewa ruwan famfo na yanzu yana da 50m.³/ h, kuma tsayin tsayi daga saman ruwa na wurin shan ruwa zuwa matakin ruwa mafi girma shine 54m, jimillar bututun isar da ruwa shine 150m, diamita bututu shine Ф80mm, tare da bawul ɗaya na ƙasa, bawul ɗin ƙofar daya da bawul ɗin da ba zai dawo ba, da takwas 900 bends tare da r/d = z, nawa ne girman kan famfo don biyan buƙatun?

Magani:

Daga gabatarwar da ke sama, mun san cewa shugaban famfo shine:

H =H_gaske +H _hasara

Inda: H shine tsayin tsaye daga saman ruwa na tankin shigar da ruwa zuwa mafi girman matakin ruwa, wato: H._gaske= 54m

H_hasarashi ne duk irin asarar da ake samu a cikin bututun mai, wanda aka lissafta kamar haka:

Sanannen tsotsa da bututun magudanar ruwa, gwiwar hannu, bawuloli, bawul ɗin da ba za a dawo da su ba, bawul ɗin ƙasa da sauran diamita na bututun bututun sun kai 80mm, don haka yankin sa na giciye shine:

Lokacin da kwararar ruwa ya kai mita 50³/h (0.0139 m³/s), madaidaicin matsakaicin matsakaiciyar kwarara shine:

Rashin juriya tare da diamita H, bisa ga bayanai, lokacin da yawan ruwa ya kai 2.76 m / s, asarar bututun ƙarfe na mita 100 dan kadan ya kai 13.1 m, wanda shine buƙatar wannan aikin samar da ruwa.

Asarar bututun magudanar ruwa, gwiwar hannu, bawul, bawul ɗin duba da bawul ɗin ƙasa shine2.65m.

Babban saurin gudu don fitar da ruwa daga bututun ƙarfe:

Saboda haka, jimlar shugaban H na famfo shine

H _kai= H _gaske + H _{asarar duka}=54+19.65+2.65+0.388 = 76.692 (m)

Lokacin zabar samar da ruwa mai tsayi, famfo mai samar da ruwa tare da gudana ba kasa da 50m ba³/ h da kai ba kasa da 77 (m) ya kamata a zaba.